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Antiretroviral therapy for AIDS

In 1996, the use of antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of AIDS began to be promoted globally, and the treatment used was the cocktail therapy proposed by Prof. He Dayi, the main principle of which is toBy taking a variety of antiretroviral drugs, like a cocktail, a combination of drugs can inhibit the replication of the HIV virus in the body and reduce the destruction of the virus' immune cells, thus slowing down the disease process after infection with HIV., improving the quality of life of people living with AIDS.

So, what does the HIV antiretroviral go to include?

Since 2004, China has provided AIDS patients with the "Four Free and One Care" policy, which provides free antiretroviral treatment for AIDS-infected patients. At present, the drugs used for antiretroviral treatment include first-line antiretroviral drugs and second-line antiretroviral drugs:

First-line drugs:

The current treatment regimen used in China for antivirals is first-line drugs for antiviral therapy, and its main strategy is:

Tenofovir (TDF)/zidovudine (AZT) + lamivudine (3TC) + efavirenz (EFV)/nevirapine (NVP)

The first-line drugs are used in different combinations for different conditions and are used clinically as first-line drugs in antiretroviral therapy. Lamivudine is one of the drugs that must be used for any treatment, so these five antiviral drugs in different combinations make up the "cocktail" of HIV antiviral therapy.

Second-line drugs

The so-called second-line drugs are actually adjustments to the regimen of antiviral therapy, relying on imported drugsLopinavir/ritonavirReplacement of the third of the first-line drugs in the usual combination is:

Tenofovir (TDF) + lamivudine (3TC) + lopinavir/ritonavir；

Second-line drugs are generally an alternative treatment for HIV when first-line drug therapy is not too effective or when resistance to certain drugs has developed. The mainstay is still the use of first-line drugs.

How long can I live on first-line drugs?

With regard to HIV antiretroviral therapy, whether you are taking first-line antiretroviral drugs or second-line antiretroviral drugs, as long as you follow the doctor's instructions for antiretroviral therapy on time and in accordance with the dosage, and to improve medication adherence, it is possible to effectively inhibit the replication of the virus in the body, and the international common practice is that "undetectable = non-transmissible" (U=U). Therefore, if you do the above medication rules, then it is possible for AIDS patients to live as long as normal people!

Probability of HIV drug resistance

Long-term use of antiviral therapy drugs, there is a possibility of drug resistance, that is, antiviral drugs to eat for a long time, not much effect, not able to effectively inhibit the spread of the virus in the body, so this antiviral drug resistance, mainly related to individual differences, some studies have pointed out that the probability of drug resistance is likely to reach 28.1% (a study in Chongqing); but it is not that every antiviral treatment of infected people will be resistant to the drug, so that the If you take a combination of antiviral drugs for a long time, you must test your CD4 level in time, because it is one of the biological indicators reflecting the effectiveness of treatment, theIf CD4 cells keep dropping after taking an antiviral drug, it indicates drug resistance, at this time there should be adjustments to the treatment regimen or even replacement of second-line drugs for treatment on the advice of the doctor.

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Whether taking first-line or second-line antiretroviral drugs for HIV treatment, the main thing is to take them on time and according to the dosage, not to be cut off at random, and to improve adherence, so that the HIV virus can be effectively suppressed and life expectancy can be prolonged! In addition, it should be noted that CD4 levels need to be measured regularly.For HIV patients taking medication, CD4 levels should be measured at least once every six months to determine whether antiretroviral therapy is working, remembering to！

Personally, I feel that if you have guaranteed medication control, and then maintain a healthy and optimistic mindset and lifestyle, and exercise regularly, you should be able to fight drug resistance and live a long life.

It is said that you can live to a normal life expectancy, in fact, it also depends on the individual's physical condition. But if you take your medication on time, you won't live a bad life and those diseases will be much less. So if you get it, take your medication and be optimistic and maybe you will live to a ripe old age.

For the treatment of AIDS drugs, internationally, there are six major categories and more than 30 kinds of antiretroviral drugs. Among them, there are nucleoglycolic acid reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as lamivudine, tenofovir and zidovudine. Stavudine is excluded from the first-line drugs because of its toxic side effects.

Non-nucleoglycan reverse transcriptase inhibitors are nevirapine, efavirenz, etc. Protease inhibitors are lopinavir, ritonavir, etc. Integrase chain transfer inhibitors are raltegravir, dolutegravir, etc. The preferred recommended regimen is emtricitabine, tenofovir, raltegravir, or dolutegravir.

AIDS, or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), also known as the AIDS virus. Currently, AIDS has become an important public health problem that poses a serious threat to public health in China. 21.7 million cases are receiving highly effective combination antiretroviral therapy "cocktail therapy", now also known as antiretroviral therapy.

How long do you usually live with HIV if you have first-line drugs to control it, and what is the probability of developing drug resistance?

Our country as a whole is a low-prevalence country for AIDS, but because of our large population base, the absolute number of people living with HIV and AIDS patients (HIV-infected and HIV-positive for short) is very large.

HIV-1 is the main prevalent strain in China, 10 subtypes have been found, and there are also different prevalent recombinant types (CRFs), the main prevalent subtypes of HIV-1 are AE recombinant and BC recombinant.Since 1999, a few HIV-2 infected people have been found in some areas of China.

The process of HIV infection in human cells involves:

(1) Adsorption, Membrane Fusion and Penetration: After HIV-1 infects the human body, it selectively adsorbs onto the CD4 receptor of the target cell and enters the host cell with the help of the co-receptor;

(2) Reverse transcription, nucleation and integration: viral RNA in the cytoplasm forms complementary DNA under the action of a reverse transcriptase enzyme, and this viral DNA, which is integrated into the host DNA, is referred to as the "provirus";

(3) Transcription and translation;

(4) Assembly, maturation and emergence.

The probability of developing resistance exists, but it can be controlled with the right therapy.

Chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, non-HIV-related tumors (especially liver cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, etc.), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and bone disease among infected persons should be established in the chronic disease management files as in the case of HIV-negative persons, and screened and prevented according to the relevant guidelines.

I am Pharmacist Wang, insisting on spreading knowledge of diseases in simple and easy-to-understand words, and dedicating my own small contribution to a healthy China. If you think my answer is helpful to you, please leave a like! In addition, if you still have related questions, welcome to leave a message, we discuss together!

The mainstay of treatment for AIDS around the world is Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART therapy), commonly known as cocktail therapy. If the diagnosis can be established at the early stage of viral infection in the human body, and under the guidance of the doctor to take drugs as early as possible and regularly, regular checkups and follow-ups, and the emergence of adverse reactions or drug resistance and timely replacement of drugs, then the ideal state is that the infected person's life expectancy is not affected by the disease, and live up to the expected life expectancy of a normal person. However, this ideal state is really difficult to achieve, which is not only related to the state of the infected person's own immune function, but also the number of invading viruses, the type of viruses, the body's response to the drugs, the speed of the development of viral resistance, and the emergence of resistance to drugs and whether they can be replaced in a timely manner. However, in general, the life expectancy of infected people who have received regular treatment is much higher than those who have not received any treatment.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a specific treatment for the AIDS pathogen. After HIV infection, the incubation period is 8-10 years on average, as short as a few months and up to 15 years. Early detection of HIV infection and timely and standardized treatment can maximize the suppression of viral replication, rebuild or maintain immune function, reduce the rate of death and related diseases, improve the quality of life, and increase life expectancy. HIV treatment is commonly known as "cocktail" therapy, which aims to prevent the development of drug resistance and improve drug efficacy. With the continuous research and development of antiviral drugs, it is believed that the efficacy will become better and better, and as long as the standardized treatment will certainly avoid the occurrence of drug resistance.

Do a good job of being compliant and taking your medication on time, there are second line medications if you are resistant to the first line medications, and there are self-pay medications if the second line medications don't work! Take it easy, that's the main thing. Try hard to live well in the present oh!

Depending on the financial condition of the person suffering from the disease, take Magic Johnson, thirty years have passed since he was found to be infected with AIDS, he has a team of people who specialize in adopting the most advanced and suitable treatments to maintain his life and health. Most people don't reach his condition, probably in a few years ......